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As a consequence of the fire and smog episode of 1991 in SE Asia which was mainly caused by fires burning on the Indonesian archipelago, the Government of Indonesia for the first time called for international cooperation to support national fire management capabilities. In June 1992 an international conference on Long-Term Integrated Forest Fire Management was held in Bandung. Participants were national agencies involved in fire management and the international community represented by national and international development organizations and potential donors. The objective of the conference was to develop the framework for an internationally concerted action plan on “Long-Term Integrated Forest Fire Management” for Indonesia. In this programme, all partners involved are sharing expertise and resources in fire management. In the implementation process of the “Bandung Strategy” the first internationally assisted programmes were initiated, e.g. through:
- the bilateral Indonesian-German project “Integrated Forest Fire Management” (IFFM) in the Province of East Kalimantan (GTZ)
- the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) which is implementing fire management projects in Sumatera (Jambi) and West Kalimantan;
- the European Union project “Forest Fire Prevention and Control Project” (FFPCP) in Sumatera (Palembang);
- the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO) at the central level (Ministry of Forestry; meanwhile terminated); and
- the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and US AID which conducted fire management training courses (inter-project).
In 1995 a “National Coordination Team on Forest and Land and Fire Management” (c/o Environmental Impact Management Agency BAPEDAL) was established at national level.
During and after the 1997-98 fire episode the importance of the pilot functions of these projects have been recognized. Besides strengthening of the already ongoing projects several new initiatives were started.
This section provides updated information on national, regional and internationally supported projects in forest fire management. The reports are taken from International Forest Fire News No.18 (January 1998) and 19 (August 1998) and from individual reports submitted to the GFMC and other sources:
[/vc_column_text][vc_tta_accordion style=”modern” color=”green” gap=”2″ c_icon=”triangle” active_section=”0″ collapsible_all=”true”][vc_tta_section title=”SE Asia Fire Project Reports Published in IFFN No. 18 (January 1998)” tab_id=”1513585886448-9706f2e7-e682″][vc_column_text]
- Assessment of 1997 Land and Forest Fires in Indonesia: National Coordination
- Remote Sensing of Fire an Smoke in Indonesia
- Indonesian and Regional Initiatives in Fire and Smoke Management and Policy Development
- The 1997 Wildfire Season and the Impact of Fire Management Projects in Indonesia
- Forest Fires in Sumatra: Possible Ways and Proposals after the Experience of the 1997 Dry Season in the Province of South Sumatra
- Special Session on 1997 Forest Fire Events in the Consultative Group on Indonesian Forests
- International Workshop on National Guidelines on the Protection of Forests Against Fire, Bogor, Indonesia, 8-9 December 1997
[/vc_column_text][/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=”SE Asia Fire Project Reports Published in IFFN No. 19 (October 1998)” tab_id=”1513585886491-24bbb36e-4324″][vc_column_text]
- Singapore Environment Council Presents NGOs Concerns about Southeast Asian Fires to ASEAN Senior Officials
- Singapore Environment Council International Policy Dialogue on the Southeast Asian Fires Statement to the ASEAN Senior Officials for the Environment
- Singapore Environment Council International Policy Dialogue on the Southeast Asian Fires
- Asian Development Bank (ADB) Support to the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) via a Regional Technical Assistance (RETA) “Strengthening ASEAN’s Capacity to Prevent and Mitigate Transboundary Atmospheric Pollution Resulting from Forest Fires (RETA 5778-REG)
- Forest Fire Monitoring and Research Activities at the Centre for Remote Sensing and Processing (CRISP), National University of Singapore
- Daily Forest Fire Observation from Space in East Kalimantan
- Rehabilitation of Fire-affected Forests in East Kalimantan
- Germany-Singapore Environmental Technology Agency (GSETA): Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Transboundary Atmospheric Pollution 27-28 1998, Singapore
- WMO Workshop on Regional Transboundary Haze in Southeast Asia
[/vc_column_text][/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=”Fire Project Reports (up to 2008)” tab_id=”1513585966945-356caadc-5635″][vc_column_text]
[/vc_column_text][/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=”South Sumatra Forest Fire Management Project (SSFFMP)” tab_id=”1513585988417-a141efc7-bc77″][vc_column_text]
The South Sumatra Forest Fire Management Project is a technical co-operation project between the Government of Indonesia and the European Union and is part of the larger European Commission – Indonesia Forestry Programme. The project is implemented in the Province of South Sumatra through various governmental and non-governmental organizations at the provincial, district and village levels. The Ministry of Forestry is the Executing Agency at a national level. The Office of the Governor of South Sumatra Province acts as the Implementing Agency and is responsible for steering, coordinating and supporting the Project at the provincial level. The project started in mid-January 2003 and has a projected duration of five years. The project activities are grouped into five main project components (Rural Institutional Development, Fire Management, Participatory Planning for Sustainable Natural Resource Management, Fire Monitoring, Policy Advocacy). The project will work in the South Sumatra Province. SSFFMP builds forth on the achievements of an earlier EU funded project, the FFPCP (Forest Fire Prevention and Control Project), which was implemented from 1995 to 2001, also in South Sumatra Province.
[/vc_column_text][/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=”Forest Fire Prevention Management Project 2 in Indonesia” tab_id=”1513586008533-2e424264-785d”][vc_column_text]
http://ffpmp2.hp.infoseek.co.jp/
The Ministry of Forest and Estate Crops in Indonesia and Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) began a technical cooperation program in the field of forest fire prevention as “Forest Fire Prevention Management Project (FFPMP)” in 1996 and ended in 2001. FFPMP has contributed the development of technologies for early warning and detection, improvement of participants of forest fire prevention and management, and training for initial fire suppression. The second phase FFPMP II started 15 April 2001 and it is expected to be completed in 2006. For the wide extension and applicability of project’s outcome, four national parks are selected as field sites, which have various features of their topography and biology. The national parks are Bukit Tiga Puluh, Berbak, Way Kambas in Sumatra, and Gunung Palung in Kalimantan. FFPMP II supports participatory forest fire suppression, initial forest fire suppression and early warning and detection, and extension and public relation. The website includes, among other, a web page with daily and monthly maps of fire locations in Indonesia depicted by NOAA AVHRR and cloud maps derived from the geostationary satellite HIMAWARI. For direct access to this fire monitoring, web page see: http://ewds-ffpmp2.hp.infoseek.co.jp/ewds/menu/eindex.htm
[/vc_column_text][/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=”Project FireFight South East Asia” tab_id=”1513586010096-9d182492-d4d8″][vc_column_text]
In early 1998, WWF (the World Wide Fund for Nature) and IUCN (the World Conservation Union) have joined forces in developing a Programme for “Strengthening National, Regional and International Networks for Forest Fire Prevention and Management, worldwide”. This Global FireFight Programme was initiated with financial support from the joint WWF and IUCN Forest Programme and more recently the US Forest Service has provided interim funding to continue this effort. Under the umbrella of the Programme the “Project FireFight South East Asia” has been developed and started to work in 2000. The project seeks to secure essential policy reform through a strategy of advocacy using syntheses and analysis of existing information and new outputs. It works at the national and regional level across South East Asia to support and advocate the creation of the legislative and economic bases for mitigating harmful anthropogenic forest fires. The model provided by Project FireFight South East Asia will be extended to South and Central America, Russia, the Mediterranean and sub-Saharan Africa as funds and capacity become available.
[/vc_column_text][/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=”Forest Fire Prevention and Control Project (FFPCP)” tab_id=”1513586058237-aa419671-bdd1″][vc_column_text]
http://www.mdp.co.id/ffpcp.htm (attention: outdated!)
In 1995 the Government of Indonesia and the European Union started the Forest Fire Prevention and Control Project in South Sumatra (FFPCP). This project was part of the larger European Union’s Indonesian Forestry Program. The FFPCP was implemented from 1995 until 2001. The old homepage is still on the web, but the detailed information cannot be accessed any longer. However, GFMC has created a special website with 21 project reports and documents. The follow-up project is the South Sumatra Forest Fire Management Project (SSFFMP):
[/vc_column_text][/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=”Fire-Land-Atmosphere Modeling and Evaluation for Southeast Asia (FLAMES) Project” tab_id=”1513586082666-2e888e93-35e9″][vc_column_text]
http://www.stat.osu.edu/~flames/
The Fire-Land-Atmosphere Modeling and Evaluation for Southeast Asia (FLAMES) Project is a collaboration between researchers in the Departments of Geography and Statistics at The Ohio State University. The project is funded by NASA’s Research Opportunities for Space and Earth Science as part of the Land-Cover/Land-Use Change Program and is endorsed by the Global Land Project, a joint research agenda of the International Human Dimensions Programme (IHDP) and the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP). Scientists and policymakers have become increasingly concerned about the implications of the consistent brown haze covering Southeast Asia and the Indian Ocean in terms of human health and climate change. The emergence of this haze is due to increased atmospheric concentrations of carbonaceous aerosols, or small airborne particles, over the region. A large portion of these carbonaceous aerosols is generated by anthropogenic activities, including both slash-and-burn agriculture and fossil fuel combustion. This research project seeks to develop a methodology to determine the relative contribution of these two types of emissions to the total aerosol burden over the region.
- ASEAN (1998-1999)
- The Consultative Group on Indonesian Forests (CGIF) (1997-1998)
- Reports from the OCHA / UNDAC /UNEP missions (1998)
[/vc_column_text][/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=”Trade and Environment Database (TED): Case Study on Indonesian Fires” tab_id=”1513586118069-ead853e1-e378″][vc_column_text]
http://www.american.edu/projects/mandala/TED/indofire.htm
The TED Projects In 1990, the TED (Trade and Environment Database) projects began as an effort to develop an inventory of case studies concerned with trade and environment issues. The effort recognized the important problems and issues in this area, but they lack a basis for common comparison and contrast. To abet these efforts, since then several hundred categorical case studies have been undertaken and made available in print and on a site on the World Wide Web. These cases studies are reports and coded documents that cover 28 categories of legal, trade, geographic, and environment information relevant to the case. Case Study No. 472 deals with the effects of Forest Fires in Indonesia.
[/vc_column_text][/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=”Other Project Reports and Analyses” tab_id=”1513586119378-2d33feaf-6b97″][vc_column_text]
- Wide Area Surveillance System (WAS) Phase I: Transboundary Haze Pollution Control and Monitoring System (THPCM)
- Fire Review of Sumatra Island in 1997
[/vc_column_text][/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=”The following reports are taken from the report of R. Dennis (1998) prepared for CIFOR, ICRAF, UNESCO, EC JRS Ispra” tab_id=”1513586120578-a9d06c03-8f0d”][vc_column_text]
- Analysis of the Causes and Impacts of Forest Fires and Haze – World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF)-Indonesia
- JICA – Forest Fire Prevention and Management Project (FFMP)
- EU – Forest Fire Prevention and Control Project (FFPCP)
- EU Fire Response Group (EUFREG )
- Advisory Technical Assistance (ADTA) Planning for Mitigation of Drought and Fire Damage -ADB
[/vc_column_text][/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=”Recent Analyses, Strategic Reports and Conference Recommendations (1998-2002)” tab_id=”1513586173782-e524e786-aeee”][vc_column_text]
- Satellite Workshop Summary Report (27 October 1998, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)
- International Cross Sectoral Forum on Forest Fire Management in South East Asia (7 – 8 December 1998, Jakarta, Indonesia)
- Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) Workshop: Fire and Sustainable Agricultural and Forestry Development in Eastern Indonesia and Northern Australia (Darwin, Australia, 13-15 April 1999)
- World Resources Institute report Trial by fire: Forest Fires and Forestry Policy in Indonesia’s era of Crisis and Reform (19 July 2000)
- WWF Germany: Oil palm plantations and deforestation in Indonesia – What role do Europe and Germany play (December 2002)
[/vc_column_text][/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=”Websites of Past International Fire Management Projects in Indonesia” tab_id=”1513586174786-bf29e16d-f4e5″][vc_column_text]
[/vc_column_text][/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=”Past Fire Research Projects” tab_id=”1513586203900-c765c1a7-850f”][vc_column_text]
[/vc_column_text][/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=”Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN)” tab_id=”1513586205338-38875f43-b9d1″][vc_column_text]
- ASEAN Haze Online
- Fire, Smoke, and Haze: The ASEAN Response Strategy (ASEAN / Asian Development Bank, 2001) (PDF, 2 MB)
- Report of the World Conference and Exhibition on Land and Forest Fire Hazards (Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 10-13 June 2002)
- Press Release on the 9th ASEAN Ministerial Meeting on Haze (11 June 2002) (PDF-File)
- ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution (PDF-File)
- Ha Noi Statement on Promoting Partnerships for the Implementation of the ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution (11-13 May 2006) (PDF, 22 KB)
[/vc_column_text][/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=”Indonesia 2003″ tab_id=”1513586233276-4c199aae-c888″][vc_column_text]
- Statement on Progress Towards Implementing Sustainable Forest Management at the Twelfth CGI Meeting (including land and forest fire control)
- Fires in Indonesia: Causes, costs and policy implications (CIFOR Occ. Pap. No. 38; PDF, 940 KB)
- EOS MODIS Data Used to Study 2002 Fires in Kalimantan, Indonesia (PDF, 331 KB)
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